中国与美国地铁车站火灾疏散设计规范对比与分析

Analysis on Evacuation Design of Subway Station between China and the United States

摘要:

摘要：通过比较分析中国现行的《地铁设计规范》与美国消防协会《NFPA 130 Standard for Fixed Guideway Transit and Passenger Rail Systems -2007 Edition》 在火灾情况下地铁车站的紧急疏散计算方法、各类疏散设施的指标取值，指出中国规范自动扶梯的疏散通行能力取值偏高，没有明确给出各类疏散设施的疏散步行速度等指标，同时提出中国《规范》在疏散设计规定方面存在的不足，为日后《规范》的修订与完善提供建议。

关键词:地铁火灾，人员疏散时间，通行能力，步行速度

Abstract:

Abstract：By comparative analysis of a fire emergency evacuation between China's current \" subway design specifications\" and \"NFPA 130 Standard for Fixed Guideway Transit and Passenger Rail Systems-2007 Edition \" acted on by National Fire Proteciton Association, this paper points out the escalator capacity is too high and walking speed of all kinds of evacuation facility is not well-defined in China's \" subway design specifications\". The paper also points out the deficiencies of evacuation design provisions in China's specifications，and offer suggestions for revision and perfection of the China's subway design specifications.

Key words:underground fire， human Evacuating time, capacity, speed