汽车时变噪声的响度计算模型适用性分析

Applicability of Different Loudness Models to Timevarying Sound of Vehicle

摘要:

建立Zwicker瞬时响度、Moore瞬时响度、Moore时变响度计算方法，引入ArtemiS软件的Zwicker时变响度计算方法,并采用4种模型针对汽车发动机怠速噪声、汽车关门声和电机驱动汽车加速噪声3种典型的稳态、冲击与阶次扫频的信号进行响度计算，对比分析4种模型用于时变噪声响度计算的适用性.研究表明：噪声频率成分与幅值变化越剧烈，Zwicker与Moore时变响度计算偏差越大，瞬时响度模型的计算越精确；Moore时变响度时频分析有助于噪声来源和发生机理的分析与识别.

Abstract:

Three sound loudness calculation models,including Zwicker instantaneous loudness model,Moore instantaneous loudness model and Moore timevarying loudness model,and the cited Zwicker timevarying loudness model in ArtemiS,were applied to calculate the timevarying loudness of three typical noises such as steady engine idle noise,impulsive door closing noise and orderswept electric vehicle passby noise.Based on the loudness amplitude and timefrequency loudness results,the applicability of the four loudness models to timevarying sounds was analyzed and compared.It is found that both Zwicker and Moore timevarying loudness models are more reliable than Zwicker and Moore instantaneous loudness models if the sound amplitude and frequency vary tempestuously.And the timefrequency result of Moore instantaneous loudness model can be very helpful to noise source identification and mechanism analysis.