结合图论与地理信息系统的供水管网分区优化

Integration of Graph Theory and GIS for District Metered Areas of Water Distribution Systems

摘要:

提出了供水管网水力路径、耗散路径概念，并通过图论Dijkstra最短路径算法获得了供水管网最短水力路径结构和最短耗散路径结构，通过地理信息系统(GIS)将其可视化.考虑压力分布、行政区域以及道路走向，通过安装水表和阀门来确定不同分区供水范围.水表应安装在主要供水路径上，阀门应安装在最短耗散路径经过次数较少的管道上.以能量参数、压力统计参数和压力参数作为供水管网3种性能参数衡量分区影响，实现了复杂供水管网分区优化，并确定了不同分区的水流连通情况.

Abstract:

The hydraulic path and the dissipated power path were presented, and the related minimum paths configuration of water distribution systems (WDS) were obtained by using the Dijkstra shortest path algorithm and visualized in GIS. The district metered areas (DMAs) were set up by mean of flow meters and valves considering pressure distribution, districts and roads. It is suggested that the flow meters should be installed in the minimum hydraulic paths and the valves should be installed in the minimum dissipated power paths to reduce the impact on the reliability due to pipes closed. The impacts of DMAs on WDS are evaluated by three types of performance indices including energy indices, statistical pressure indices and hydraulic indices. The DMAs structure of WDS is achieved and, the flows in different DMAs are shown.