汶川地震对村镇建筑地基破坏模式分析

Mechanism Analysis of Wenchuan Earthquake Damage to Building Foundation

摘要:

“5.12”汶川8级大地震，摧毁了村镇大批建筑物，造成了大批的人员伤亡，引发了大量的次生地质灾害，如崩塌、滑坡、泥石流、堰塞湖等.在汶川地区地质构造背景条件下，结合野外次生地质灾害和现场房屋震害的详细调研，从地震响应和破坏机理入手，分析了地震对村镇建筑地基破坏程度的影响因素，总结了汶川地震中村镇房屋建筑和地基的主要破坏模式；基于土结构动力相互作用的理念提出了基于刚性地基和柔性地基基础分类的地震震害预防和缓解措施；同时从经济可行性的角度提出乡镇和城区分型而治、分区预防的系统构想.

Abstract:

Wenchuan Earthquake destroyed a large number of buildings and induced a lot of causalities and many secondary geological disasters such as rock fall, landslide, debris flow and damming lake. Based on the geological structure of Wenchuan and a detailed field investigation of housing damage and secondary geological disasters, the earthquake damage to the building foundation is analyzed from the seismic response and failure mechanism. The main failure modes of house construction and foundation are summed up in earthquake. From the point of interaction of soil and structure, the corresponding earthquake disaster prevention and mitigation measures are proposed based on the classification of rigid and flexible foundations. Meanwhile, the classification treatment and division prevention are pointed out from the economical prespect.