非光滑车表的空气阻力特性

Aerodynamic Drag Features on Automobile with Non-smooth Surfaces

摘要:

基于仿生思想，将自然界中普遍存在的非光滑表面形态应用到汽车车身，利用计算流体力学(computational fluid dynamics, CFD)数值模拟方法，研究采用非光滑车表减小汽车空气阻力的可行性。同时，从汽车空气阻力的组成入手，通过对比光滑车表与非光滑车表汽车的外流场，分析非光滑车表对汽车压差阻力、诱导阻力、摩擦阻力的影响以及减阻机理，为进一步研究和应用非光滑车表提供依据。

Abstract:

The form of non-smooth surfaces, which is ubiquitous in nature, is applied to automobiles and the feasibility of aerodynamic drag reduction on automobiles is studied by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation method. Meanwhile, by studying the composition of the air resistance and comparing the external flow field of automobiles with smooth or non-smooth surfaces, the effects of automobile with non-smooth surfaces on pressure drag, induced drag and frictional drag are analyzed together with the mechanism of drag reduction, which provides theoretical basis for a further study of reduction drag effect of non-smooth surfaces.