钢轨扣件减振橡胶动态刚度特性分析

Dynamic stiffness analysis of rubber absorber in rail fastenings

摘要:

基于粘弹性材料动态恢复力由非线性弹性恢复力和非线性阻尼力叠加而成的理论，提出一种钢轨扣件减振橡胶的动态力学模型。根据实际工作状态对减振橡胶进行动态试验并对试验数据进行拟合及分析，计算数据与试验数据能够较好的拟合，验证了模型的正确性。分析研究了振幅和频率对非线性弹性恢复力、非线性弹性阻尼力以及动态刚度的影响规律，结果表明：随着振幅的增加，弹性恢复力和迟滞阻尼力迅速增大，动刚度值也相应增大；随着激励频率增加，弹性恢复力略有减小，弹性阻尼力有所增大，同时，动刚度也有增大的趋势。

Abstract:

Based on a hypothesis superposition theory of nonlinear elastic restoring force (NEF) and nonlinear damping force (NDF), a non-linear dynamic mechanical model was proposed. The rubber absorber was tested according to the working condition and the experimental data was analyzed, found that the simulated result fit the tested result, accordingly verified the validity of this model. The influence law of the amplitude and frequency on the NEF, NDF and the dynamic stiffness was studied. The results show that：With the increase of amplitude, the NEF and the NDF increase rapidly, and the dynamic stiffness increases too. With the increase of frequency, the NEF decreases slightly, but the NDF increases, the dynamic stiffness has an increasing trend too.