注重人体尺度的城市道路空间

The Space of Urban Road Focusing on Human Scale

摘要:

提出城市道路空间分为两种尺度：汽车尺度和人体尺度，分析两种尺度在景观把握程度、能量消耗、空间知觉上的差异。阐述了城市道路空间缺乏人体尺度的表现（如步行空间尺度失当、景观与体验脱节等）。提出了空间舒适性、休憩便利性、景观亲切性、空间可识别性等四项基于人体尺度的城市道路空间评价准则，以及相应的城市道路空间改善措施：宜人的步行空间、合理的过街设施、合理的休憩设施、拉近行人与景观的距离、人性化的标识系统。特别提出了景观也应具有人体尺度。为指导城市道路的设计提供新的依据。

Abstract:

The space of urban road has two scales: auto scale and human scale. There are three differences between the two scales: landscape spatial pattern, energy consumption and space perception. The manifestations of urban road space lacking human scale are discussed, such as the improper scale of pedestrian pace and the disconnection between landscape and experience. Based on the human scale of the urban road space, four evaluation criteria are provided: comfortability for walking, convenience for rest, friendly landscape, and identifiability of the space. The corresponding measures for road space reallocation are introduced: pleasant walking space, reasonable crossing facilities, reasonable leisure facilities, pedestrian-oriented landscape, and pedestrian identification system. Especially, landscape should have a human scale. This theory will provide a new basis for guiding the design of urban roads.