考虑车下环境的高速动车组空气流场数值仿真

Simulation on Air Flow Field of High speed Train Concerning the Environment Under Train

摘要:

在建立典型高速动车组模型、轨道等环境模型基础上，根据流场有限元知识，将整体仿真模型划分为车头部分、车尾部分、中间车前部及中间车后部.采用对称计算域，选择非结构网格进行网格处理，进而仿真分析300 km·h-1的流场分布规律.结果表明：建立的典型动车组模型总体受力69.4 kN，车下部分尤其是转向架附近流场分布各异，湍流形式明显，该部分阻力占总体阻力33.6%，最大正负压力差约8 kPa.通过分析比较ICE和TGV A高速列车相关试验数据，验证了仿真方法与结果的合理性.

Abstract:

A 3D model of the EMU and the railway is built; based on the requirements of finite element methods (FEM), the whole simulation model of the EMU is divided into 4 different parts to improve the efficiency of simulation, including the head part of the train, the tail part of the train, the front part of middle vehicles and the rear part of middle vehicles. The distribution characteristic of the air flow field at the speed of 300 km·h-1 is simulated by using unstructured mesh. The simulation results show that the resistance of the whole train is approximately 69.3kN. The lower parts of the flow field, especially the parts near the bogies, show very complicated distribution, which are dominated by turbulence. The lower parts of the flow field contribute about 33.6% of overall resistance, and the maximum pressure difference of these parts is about 8kPa. Compared with the test results of inter city express(ICE) and Train à Grande Vitesse(TGV) high speed trains, the proposed simulation method and its results are verified.