从动轮-悬架系统侧向自激振动影响因素分析

Analysis of Factor Influence for Lateral Self-excited Vibration of Driven Wheel-Suspension System

摘要:

胎面侧向自激振动是轮胎多边形磨损现象产生的根源。对后悬架四自由度自激振动模型进行Simulink仿真，验证了轮胎侧向振动是一种硬自激振动。对系统自激振动状态影响较大的敏感参数主要有轮胎橡胶刚度及阻尼系数、垂向载荷、接地附着系数、接地块质量、轮胎前束角以及外倾角。对敏感参数的灵敏度计算确定了影响分岔车速的参数灵敏度排序。最后给出了抑制轮胎侧向自激振动的主要有效措施：增大胎面-路面附着系数及减小轮胎前束角可以减小产生自激振动的车速范围或者将其从正常行驶车速范围移除，从而减少胎面磨损，延长轮胎使用寿命。

Abstract:

The lateral self-excited vibration of tread is the root of the tire polygonal wear. The lateral self-excited vibration of tread has been proved to have the character of hard self-vibration by the simulation of the four degree-of-freedom self-excited vibration system of rear suspension in SIMULINK. It is found that the sensitive parameters influencing the self-excited vibration state obviously are mainly the factors of the stiffness and damping coefficient of rubber, vertical load, adhesion coefficient, mass of the tread block, toe-in angle and camber. Then the parameter sensitivity analysis of lateral vibration was conducted to rank the parameters’ influence. At last the main effective measures, including increasing the adhesion coefficient between the tire and road and reducing the toe-in angle, were proposed to restrain the tread self-excited vibration to reduce tread wear.