行人流场论

Field Theory of Pedestrian Flow

摘要:

相比于车辆，行人的移动更灵活，表现更智能.通常行人是在综合评价其周边行人环境和预评估该环境演化的基础上移动以获得最佳效果.如何定量描述行人的移动是行人流模型研究的一个重点和难点.从场的观点出发描述行人流，将行人的主动智能转化为被动的由假想的行人场施加于行人所处位置的场强，从而得以在行人流模型中定量考虑行人的智能.结果表明，许多实际的行人现象，如行人流的出口处双向摆动、行人道自生成、行人的靠右行驶产生的人群分离等，皆可在仿真层面得到较好再现.

Abstract:

Compared to the vehicles’movements, the pedestrians’ are more flexible and exhibit high intelligence. In general, in order to achieve the best moving performance, a pedestrian moves based on a full evaluation of one’s surrounding environment and the prediction of the environment evolution. How to quantitatively describe pedestrians’ intelligence is one of the emphasis and difficulties in the field of pedestrian study. A pedestrian framework is proposed by introducing the concept of field. Through translating pedestrians’ active intelligence into the passive strength imposed at their location by presumed pedestrian fields, pedestrians’ intelligence can be mathematically modeled. Results indicate that many practical pedestrian phenomena such as oscillation of pedestrian flow near an outlet, pedestrian automatic lane formation, separation of pedestrians due to implicit right side moving can be reproduced quite well in computer simulations.