需求变动下双渠道供应链的竞争和协调

Competing and Coordination Strategies for Dual channel Supply Chain with Demand Disruption

摘要:

研究由一个制造商和一个零售商组成的双渠道供应链系统当突发事件发生时制造商和零售商之间的竞争和协调问题.通过求解优化问题的Karush Kuhn Tucker条件，分别给出正常情况下和突发事件发生导致需求变动时一体化双渠道供应链系统的最优定价和生产决策，并提出改进的数量折扣契约以协调突发事件发生时分散式双渠道供应链系统.结果表明需求扰动的大小和消费者对电子渠道的接受程度对双渠道供应链系统的定价、生产决策和协调契约有着重要影响，另外需求扰动量的变化幅度越大，采取应对措施前后的利润差异越大.最后通过数值分析验证了模型的有效性.

关键词:双渠道;扰动管理;数量折扣契约;协调;博弈

Abstract:

The pricing competing and channel coordination strategies in a one manufacturer one retailer dual channel supply chain under demand disruptions are studied. By solving the Kuhn Tucker conditions of the optimization problem, the centralized dual channel supply chain’s optimal pricing and production decisions were obtained under regular operation and demand disruption, respectively. Moreover, an improved quantity discount mechanism to coordinate the decentralized dual channel supply chain with demand disruptions is presented. It is found that different demand disruption scenarios and consumer acceptance of e channel scenarios have significant effects on the centralized dual channel supply chain’s optimal pricing, production decisions and coordination mechanism, moreover, the greater the magnitude of variation in demand disruption is，the greater the profit differential of knowing demand disruptions is. Finally, numerical examples are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the model.

Key words:dual channel; disruption management; quantity discount contract; coordination; game theory