基于视觉感知偏差的公路几何平纵协调性分析技术

Coordination between Highway Horizontal and Vertical Alignments based on Driver's Visual Perception Deviation

摘要:

平纵组合不当是产生公路危险路段的主要致因之一,容易导致诸如超速行驶、追尾、侧翻、情绪紧张以及迷茫等情况发生,经常表现为视觉上的断背曲线、视距不足和缺少美感等。这主要是由于驾驶员通过视觉获得的公路平纵信息和实际供给之间出现较大的偏差,尤其是平面信息更是如此。本文用视觉平面分量指数表示驾驶员视觉感知平面信息和实际供给之间的偏差,以此为基础研究了一种公路平纵协调性新的分析技术。首先建立基于CatMull-Rom样条曲线的公路几何线形视觉模型,根据透视映射原理,完成了从视觉感知中心线到平面分量中心线的变换,然后在计算透视图形状参数的基础上,计算视觉平面分量指数并采用区间估计方法确定分析平纵协调性的分类阈值,最后结合以往进行过的公路平纵协调性评价的实例说明了具体的分析方法。本文研究成果可以为有关公路几何线形平纵组合设计提供技术支持。

关键词:公路平纵协调性,Catmull-Rom样条曲线,公路透视图,视觉信息感知偏差,视觉平面分量指数;

Abstract:

Improper combination between highway horizontal and vertical alignment is one of the main reasons of dangerous segments, which easily leads to traffic accidents, such as speeding, rear-end collision, rollover, and emotional stress. They often are shown as broken back curve, inadequate sight distance and lack of beauty in drivers' visual. This is mainly due to a large deviation between visual perception and the actual supply from highway horizontal and vertical design, especially horizontal information even more so. In this paper, the index of the visual horizontal component was used to describe the deviation between visual horizontal perception and the actual supply and a new analysis technique to evaluate the coordination between highway horizontal and vertical alignment was studied. Firstly, the model of centerline in highway perspective view was built based on CatMull-Rom spline, the centerlines of actual perception and horizontal datum in highway perspective view were proposed based on the perspective principle. Secondly, based on front study, the method of calculation driver's perception horizontal deviation according visual reconstruction was put forward and the causes of perception deviation was also analyzed simultaneously. Finally, the horizontal and vertical coordination classification thresholds were determined using interval estimation methods based samples in the past used to evaluate the coordination between highway horizontal and vertical design, the results could provide technical support for research on horizontal and vertical coordination assessment.

Key words:the;coordination between;highway horizontal;and vertical;alignment ,CatMull-Rom;spline, highway;perspective view, visual;perception deviation , the;index of;the visual;horizontal component