基于空间与业态的高层商业空间人流分布

Pedestrian Distribution for High rise Commercial Space Based on Space and Function

摘要:

引导购物人流较为合理地分布在高层商业空间是高层商业综合体设计需要解决的关键问题之一.对上海2个龙之梦轨道交通商业综合体的人流分布情况进行了调研分析，对影响人流分布的功能业态、空间因素（组构、与建筑入口关系、与扶梯关系、所处楼层、通道宽度等）进行了测量，并尝试将功能与组构分析结果进行了整合，提出了业态的空间系数与业态的深度系数2个组合变量，利用SPSS(Statistical Product and Service Solutions）软件进行了人流分布的综合分析模型研究.分析结果发现，①高层商业综合体中的个体空间选择行为具有潜在的规律性，不同行为主体的目的性、功能业态和空间因素等共同作用决定了人流分布状态；②基于业态深度系数、空间深度、与建筑入口关系以及与扶梯关系建立的综合分析模型可以对人流分布进行有效解释，2个案例中的决定系数分别可达71.6%与78.2%.

关键词:高层商业空间; 人流分布; 功能; 空间; 组构; 分析模型

Abstract:

To guild a reasonable pedestrian distribution in high rise commercial space is one of key problems in the design of high rise commercial complex. Pedestrian distribution in two rail transit commercial complex in Shanghai was studied by spatial configuration analysis with spatial syntax software and quantification of function and space (relationship with building entrances, distance to escalators, level, passage width and so on). Additionally in an attempt to integrate function with spatial configuration, two combination variables, spatial coefficient of function and spatial depth coefficient of function, were proposed, and SPSS(Statistical Product and Service Solutions） software was used to perform multiple regression analysis for pedestrian distribution. The analysis result reflects: ① space choice behavior has a certain rule in high rise commercial space, and customers’ purposiveness, function and space factors determines the flow distribution; ② comprehensive analytic model developed by spatial depth coefficient of function, space depth，relationship with building entrances, and distance to escalators, can well interpret flow distribution in high rise commercial complex and its determination coefficient can be up to 71.6% and 78.2%.

Key words:high rise commercial space; pedestrian distribution; function; space; configuration; analysis model