基于人群分类的城市公交走廊客流分配模型

A PassengerClassification Transportation Assignment Model for Urban Public Traffic Corridor

摘要:

在随机用户均衡理论基础上，在静态均衡模型中引入时间变量及人群属性分类，建立基于人群分类的城市公交走廊动态客流分析模型，描述了走廊内出行者对于出发时刻和路径的选择问题，并分析不同人群的行为差异.给出了模型的基本假设及求解算法.研究结果表明，模型的动态化及人群分类特征，不仅能够真实反映走廊内不同属性客流的时空分布情况，还能够仿真不同交通措施的作用及效果.算例通过采取错峰上班及调整票价，使高峰时刻走廊断面客流下降24%；选择轨道交通的客流由82%下降71%，选择巴士交通的客流由11%提升至20%，有效降低了公交走廊的交通负荷，并使各方式分担率更加均匀.此动态客流分析模型为城市公交走廊的功能优化提供了有力工具.

Abstract:

By classifying transport passengers, this paper proposed a dynamic traffic assignment model for urban public transport corridor. Based upon the stochastic userequilibrium theory, the proposed model introduced temporal factors and passenger attributes into the existing static equilibrium model. The model aimed to simulate the travel behavior of different passengers, including their selection of the departure time and transit routes. The assumption of the proposed model and a solution algorithm were proposed. The result shows that the timevarying and passenger categorization of the model make it available not only to virtually reflect the temporal and spatial distribution of various passengers, but to investigate the efficiency of different improvement measures for corridors. The adjustments made in the working hour and transit fare lead to a 24% reduction in the passenger flow during peak hours. The passengers of rail transit decrease from 82% to 71%, while the passengers of bus increase from 11% to 20%. These adjustments contribute to a significant reduction in the traffic loading and result in a more even utilization of transport modes. Therefore, the proposed model provides a useful tool for function optimization and efficiency enhancement of urban public transport corridors.