前轮扰流板高度对复杂轿车风阻的影响

Influence of Front Wheel Spoiler Height on Complicated Vehicle Aerodynamic Drag

摘要:

以较真实的复杂车体为研究对象，分别对旋转与静止工况下，前轮扰流板高度对整车气动阻力的影响进行了数值研究，计算采用定常雷诺时均纳维斯托克斯方程.针对数值计算结果，对静止与旋转车轮周围流场的流动情况、车身阻力积分曲线等数据的详细分析，得到结论：旋转与静止工况下，整车气动阻力系数均随车轮扰流板高度的增加呈现先减小后增大的趋势，前轮扰流板有利于整车气动性能和机舱散热性能的提高，但须对其高度进行优化，合适高度的前扰流板可使整车气动阻力系数较小且机舱进气量较大.

关键词:轿车; 前轮扰流板; 气动阻力; 数值模拟

Abstract:

A complicated vehicle was applied to make a further research of the influence of wheel spoiler height on vehicle aerodynamic drag. Two different conditions including stationary and rotation were employed in computational simulation by steady RANS (Reynolds Averaged NavierStokes) calculation. Further, detailed analysis of the flow around wheels was conducted. It is concluded that the aerodynamic drag coefficients are all increased after the decreasing along with the increase of the height of wheel spoiler. After the height optimization, the front wheel spoiler can improve both the vehicle aerodynamic drag coefficient and the heat dispersion ability inside the under hood, providing guidance for engineering application.

Key words:automobile; front wheel spoiler; aerodynamic drag; numerical simulation