利用噪声相对量辨识与优化齿轮敲击噪声

Identification and Optimization of Gear Rattle Noise Using Rattle Noise Relative Approach

摘要:

以人耳听觉特性为基础，提出运用噪声相对量辨识和优化齿轮敲击噪声的方法.该方法首先对测量得到的噪声信号进行外耳、中耳和内耳噪声传递特性滤波，然后进行回归与平滑处理获得稳态噪声信号，将滤波后的噪声信号减去稳态噪声信号，得到的噪声相对量即为非承载齿轮对的瞬态敲击噪声信号，最终辨识出齿轮敲击噪声的发生时刻、频率范围和水平.辨识结果与人的主观感受一致，齿轮敲击噪声被准确辨识.利用该方法得到了各非承载挡的敲击噪声贡献量，确定倒挡是齿轮敲击噪声的主要噪声源.采用提高倒挡齿轮对加工精度使其最小间隙减小约50.0%后，齿轮敲击噪声水平降低了17.4%，齿轮敲击噪声性能得到有效改善.

Abstract:

In this paper, an attempt was made to identify and optimize the rattle noise signals by relative approach based on the hearing characteristics of human ear. In the first step, the noise signals at the driver’s right ear were filtered by the transfer functions of the outer, middle and inner ear, and the steady noise signals were extracted by the regression and smoothing processes. In the second step, the gear rattle noise relative approaches were obtained by subtracting the steady noise signals from all of the filtered noise signals. The gear rattle noise relative approaches were the transient noise signals of the unloaded gear pairs which caused the gear rattle noise. In the last step, the occurrence time, frequency and level of the gear rattle noise were obtained from the relative approaches. The result of the gear rattle noise identification was consistent with that of the subjective perception and identified accurately. The rattle noise contribution of all the unloaded gear pairs was obtained by using the gear rattle noise relative approaches. The results show that the reverse gear pairs were the main source of the gear rattle noise. The rattle noise level was decreased by 17.4% with the backlash of the reverse gear pairs being reduced by about 50.0% by enhancing the gears process precision, and the rattle performance was effectively improved.