紧急避险车道全宽型服务车道设置位置

Location of Fullwidth Service Lanes on Truck Escape Ramp

摘要:

在设置全宽型服务车道且避险车道制动床宽度为9.0 m与4.5 m的断面条件下，利用UCWin Road Ver.9驾驶模拟仿真平台测试了5名驾驶员48次驶入避险车道的几何运动参数.选取方向盘转速指标对车辆驶入紧急避险车道的最小转向半径、方向调整时间、转向角幅值、转向角频率指标进行提取，选取横向偏移率指标对起弯点进行提取与理论验证，然后运用相关分析检验了5个指标与驶入速度的相关性，运用方差分析与配对样本T检验，检验了5个指标与全宽型服务车道设置的显著性.研究结果表明：当制动床宽度为9.0 m且服务车道设置于制动床左侧时，车辆行驶稳定性强，驶入紧急避险车道难度小，供车辆方向调整的距离长，驾驶员心理紧张程度低.当制动床宽度为4.5 m且服务车道设置于制动床左侧时，车辆的行驶稳定性强且易于驶入紧急避险车道.

关键词:避险车道; 驾驶模拟; 全宽型服务车道; 道路工程

Abstract:

Under the condition that fullwidth service lanes are set on truck escape ramps and the width of arrester bed is 9.0 m or 4.5 m, 48 groups of motion parameters in the process of entering truck escape ramps by 5 drivers were obtained through driving simulation UCWin Road Ver.9. Then the minimum turning radius, adjusting time, steering angle amplitude and steering angular frequency were extracted by judging lateral migration rate and validated by theory. The correlation between the above five index and operation speed was analyzed. At the same time, the significance between the above five indexes and the fullwidth service lane’s position was tested via the variance analysis and the paired sample T test. Research result indicates that when the arrester bed width is 9.0 m and service lane is located on the left side, the errant vehicle will be more stable and easier to enter the truck escape ramp, the space to adjust the vehicle’s driving direction will be larger, and it will be easier to enter the truck escape ramp and drivers’ psychological tension will decrease. When the arrester bed width is 4.5 meters and the service lane is located on the left side, the errant vehicle will be more stable and the entrance of the truck escape ramp will be more accessible.

Key words:truck escape ramp; driving simulation; fullwidth service lanes; road engineering