高速公路平曲线标志标线组合设计评价指标

Evaluation Indexes of Layout Combination of Signs and Markings in Highway Horizontal Curve

摘要:

基于驾驶模拟实验数据，结合驾驶员在高速公路平曲线的运行速度特征、转向特征与行驶轨迹特征，选择速度、方向盘转角系数与横向位置数据构建了高速公路平曲线标志标线组合设计的合理性评价指标与有效性评价指标.其中，合理性评价指标包括转向位置的合理性评价与驾驶负荷的合理性评价，采用小波分解的方法对方向盘转角系数进行多层分解，获取驾驶员转向起终点位置与高频能量，通过驾驶员转向起终点与直缓点/缓直点的距离进行转向位置的合理性评价，通过高频能量比进行驾驶员操作负荷的合理性评价.有效性评价包括运行速度控制的有效性与车辆横向位置控制的有效性，通过平均速度、运行速度与车速离散度进行速度控制效果的评价；通过平均换道次数、平均压线行驶距离进行车辆横向位置控制的有效性评价.通过实例应用验证了研究标志标线组合设置的必要性与评价指标的有效性.

关键词:交通工程; 评价指标; 标志标线; 平曲线; 驾驶模拟

Abstract:

Based on driving simulation data, combined with drivers’ characteristics in highway horizontal curve of operation speed characteristics, steering characteristics and driving track features, speed, steering wheel angle coefficient and lane position were chose to construct rationality evaluation indexes and effectiveness evaluation indexes for layout combination of signs and markings in highway horizontal curve. Among them, rationality evaluation included steering position evaluation and driving workload evaluation. Wavelet decomposition method was used to decompose steering wheel angle coefficient into multilayers. Then starting/ending turning position and high frequency energy were obtained. So steering position evaluation was conducted through the distance between starting/ending turning position to point of tangent to spiral/ point of spiral to tangent. Driving workload evaluation was carried out through high frequency energy ratio. Effectiveness evaluation included speed control effectiveness and lane position control effectiveness. Speed control effectiveness evaluated by average speed, operation speed and speed deviation while lane position control effectiveness evaluated by average lane changing times and average distance of rolling on markings. Through the application example, the necessity of researching on layout of signs and marking and the validity of evaluation indexes was verified.

Key words:traffic engineering; evaluation indexes; signs and markings; horizontal curve; driving simulation