城市防汛泵站的多级排队选址模型及优化算法

Cascaded Connection Queuing Model of Urban Drainage System Layout and Its Optimization Algorithm

摘要:

考虑城市暴雨的空间与时间分布特点，选用合适的地表径流系数计算雨水口汇集的待排水量.将暴雨在雨水口汇集、管道传输和泵站排出的过程看作为一个多级串联的排队系统，同时根据城区不同重要等级确定其排水等待时间约束，通过计算防汛泵站及管网的建设与运营费用，构建以总成本和最长排水等待时间为双目标的城市防汛泵站选址模型.通过嵌入禁忌搜索算法改进遗传算法，求解复杂的防汛泵站非线性选址问题.实际案例分析表明多级排水理论可以较好地模拟城市排水系统，也指出排水泵站数量、泵站地址及暴雨重现期等对城市排水系统有重要影响.

Abstract:

Considering spatial and temporal features of urban storms, a proper surface runoff coefficient is selected to measure the quantity of flowing water, which will be collected by inlets. The sequence of drainage consists of rainfall collecting, conveying and discharge through inlets, pipes and pumps respectively, referred to a cascade connection queuing system. According to their importance, an urban district is divided into several areas whose rainfall should be drained out within a restricted time determined by their importance. The time, as well as the cost of building and the operation of the urban drainage system (UDS), is set as constraints of a biobjective optimization model for the pump location problem. Then we develop an optimization algorithm, genetic algorithm integrated with Tabu algorithm, to solve this complex nonlinear allocation problem. A practical case study reveals that multiple cascaded connection queuing method can simulate the UDS well, and the quantity and location of pump stations, as well as storm recurrence period, plays an important role in designing an UDS.