几何因素对轿车外覆盖件面畸变的影响

Study on Influence of the Geometrical Factors on Surface Deflections of Automobile Exterior Panels

摘要:

为研究轿车外覆盖件面畸变的几何影响因素及其规律，设计了尖角形台阶面结构型面，并建立与验证了准确仿真模型，采用试验分析和有限元仿真相结合的方法研究了几何尺寸因素对外覆盖件面畸变程度的影响.结果表明，几何尺寸因素会严重影响尖角形台阶面结构型面的面畸变程度，影响因素包括尖角角度、尖角处圆角半径、台阶面深度与尖角台阶处的上下圆角半径；而且各几何因素对面畸变程度的影响呈现出不同的规律.通过正交试验法研究发现，面畸变程度对台阶面深度和尖角处圆角半径的变化最敏感.这些研究结果可以从零部件几何尺寸优化设计的角度对面畸变的控制起参考作用.

关键词:轿车覆盖件;面畸变;几何因素;仿真分析

Abstract:

In order to investigate the geometrical factors that influence the surface deflections and the influence rule, a box shaped part with a triangular step surface was designed. The simulation model was built and validated, and sheet forming experiments and simulations were carried out to study the influence of the geometrical factors on surface deflections of automobile exterior panels. The results indicate that the geometric size factors, including the sharp angle, radius of the sharp corner, depth of the step surface, and radii at the up and down steps, will seriously affect the surface deflections of the box shaped part with a triangular step. However, different geometric factors show different laws about the influence. At the same time, it is noted that depth of the step surface and radius of the sharp corner are the two most sensitive factors that influence the surface deflection by orthogonal tests. The results of this work will play a guiding role on the control of surface deflection of automobile exterior panels in term of the design and optimization of products.

Key words:automobile exterior panel; surface deflection; geometrical factors; simulation analysis