基于二次车速差的公交专用道运行表现分析

Performance Evaluation of Dedicated Bus Lanes Based on Secondary Speed Difference

摘要:

提出一种基于二次车速差的量化分析方法.选取深圳市54条道路，总长208.4 km，其中公交专用道长度143.8 km.使用公交车和出租车的全球定位系统(GPS)数据、站点数据和路段数据，分析了深圳市主要道路公交专用道的车速特征.在消除公交车与出租车2类车辆行驶特性差异和公交停站影响的情况下，通过公交车与出租车之间车速差的差值关系获得了公交专用道对于公交运行所起作用的量化值，并验证了该作用的显著性.结果表明：公交专用道对二次车速差有显著的积极影响，路段站点密度、站点形式以及站点位置因素对二次车速差的影响均不显著；公交专用道总体上起到了作用，使用公交专用道能显著减小高峰期公交车速与其他车辆车速的差值，提高公交运行效率，但仍有部分专用道作用不明显.

Abstract:

A novel method aiming at analyzing the effect of dedicated bus lanes (DBLs) in improving bus operation performance based on secondary speed difference concept was proposed. With global positioning system (GPS) data of buses and cabs, stop data and road segment data from 54 roads in Shenzhen City, we analyzed the speed characteristics of DBLs on major urban roads in Shenzhen City, characterized the quantified effect of DBLs using the secondary speed difference of bus and cab with the bias of vehicle travelling difference and bus stop eliminated, and verified the significance level of this effect. The results show that DBL brings a remarkable effect on secondary speed difference while factors including bus stop density, bus stop form and bus stop location do not; DBL is effective in improving bus operation performance, the using of DBL will significantly reduce the speed difference between bus and other vehicles, thereafter improves operation efficiency, however some of DBLs are not effective.