基于耦合度的铁道车辆平稳性分析

Analysis of Ride Quality of Railway Vehicle Based on Coupling Degree

摘要:

为探究转向架蛇行运动对车体异常晃动的影响程度，首先，建立了多刚体的车辆系统模型，仿真再现了横向平稳性局部恶化现象.其次，基于模糊数学的欧式贴近度准则，定义了整个车辆系统所有模态之间的耦合度，以降低系统的耦合度为目标，对车辆悬挂参数进行了优化设计.计算结果表明：转向架蛇行运动的频率与车体横向振动的固有频率相接近时，车体横向发生耦合振动，恶化横向平稳性，此时车辆系统耦合度最大.通过优选车辆的悬挂参数，可有效降低耦合度，减弱车体横向耦合振动，消除横向平稳性局部恶化现象.

关键词:平稳性; 耦合度; 蛇行运动; 共振; 模态

Abstract:

In order to research the influence of bogie's hunting motion on car body shaking, a multi-rigid vehicle system model is established at first, and the local deterioration of lateral ride quality is reproduced. Secondly, the concept of modal coupling degree is defined based on the Euclidean Closeness which belongs to fuzzy mathematics theory. In order to reduce the coupling degree of the system, the suspension parameters of the vehicle are optimized. The results show that transverse coupling vibration occurs when the frequency of bogie hunting and the natural frequency of car body approach which can decreases the ride quality. The severe transverse coupling vibration is, the greater the degree of coupling is. The coupling degree of system can be reduced if the vehicle suspension parameters are appropriate. So that the transverse coupling vibration can be weakened and the local deterioration of the lateral ride quality will be eliminated.

Key words:ride quality; coupling degree; hunting motion; resonance; modal