基于高逼真驾驶模拟器雾霾天气下跟驰行为分析

Analysis of Car Following Behaviors Under Hazy Weather Conditions Based on High Fidelity Driving Simulator

摘要:

为研究雾霾天气下车辆跟驰行为，基于8自由度高逼真驾驶模拟器，设置晴天和雾霾天两个实验场景，采集不同交通状态下跟驰驾驶行为数据，分析车头时距、车头间距、车头延迟时距、加速度、减速度等跟驰行为关键变量.实验结果表明，雾霾天气显著影响了跟驰行为，最大车头间距在自由流、拥挤流和阻塞流跟驰状态下分别增加了8.7%、19.4%和25.6%；自由流跟驰状态下最小车头间距减小了13.0%；阻塞流跟驰状态下最小车头时距减小了47.9%，但延迟时距及其离散性增加了15.5%和28.2%；雾霾天气下后车的加速行为更为谨慎.不同交通状态下的跟驰行为存在显著差异.随着跟驰车速增加，最大、最小车头间距及其离散性显著增加;最大、最小车头时距及其离散性则呈先增加后减小趋势，延迟时距显著增加.

关键词:雾霾天气; 交通状态; 跟驰行为

Abstract:

In order to investigate drivers’ car following behaviors under hazy weather conditions, by using the high fidelity driving simulator with a motion system of 8 degrees of freedom, two scenarios, namely clear weather conditions and hazy weather conditions, were established to collect and analyze the key variables of car following behaviors including the time/distance headway, delay time and acceleration/deceleration rate at different car following stages under different traffic conditions. Compared to the clear weather conditions, the results indicate that hazy weather conditions have significant effects on drivers’ car following behaviors; the maximum distance headway significantly increases by 8.7%, 19.4%, and 25.6% under car following stages in case of freeflow conditions, congested conditions, and jam conditions, respectively. The minimum distance headway significantly increases by 13.0% under car following stage in case of freeflow conditions. The minimum time headway significantly decreases by 47.9%, and the mean value and the discreteness of the delay time significantly increases by 15.5% and 28.2% respectively, under car following stage in case of jam conditions. Drivers become more cautious in accelerating under hazy weather conditions. There exist significant differences in car following behavior at car following stages under different traffic conditions. With the increasing speeds, both the mean value and the discreteness of the maximum/minimum distance headway and the delay time increase significantly, while the time headway decreases followed by increasing afterwards.

Key words:hazy weather conditions; traffic conditions; car following behaviors