考虑乘客选择行为的地铁车站承载能力瓶颈识别方法

Identification of Bottleneck for Passenger Transport Capacity of Metro Station Considering Passenger Choice Behavior

摘要:

乘客选择行为引起地铁车站客流量分布动态变化，并导致拥堵的传播，是承载能力瓶颈产生的关键因素之一.通过分析乘客在站服务事件链，构建地铁车站系统中设施设备关联网络.在分析乘客选择行为作用下的关联网络特性的基础上，建立了节点约束下的车站客流分配模型，并引入动态惩罚函数求解该模型，结合求解结果，提出通过节点受影响程度指标来识别能力瓶颈.以上海地铁陆家浜路站为例分析，与StaPass软件的仿真结果进行对比，验证了该方法的可行性和准确性，有助于快速分析不同客流条件下车站客流分布，并确定能力瓶颈.

关键词:地铁网络; 承载能力瓶颈;设施设备关联网络;乘客选择行为;客流分配模型;动态惩罚函数

Abstract:

Passenger choice behavior, which causes dynamic changes of the passenger flow distribution and leads to the spread of congestion, is one of the key factors of bottleneck for passenger transport capacity. An association network of facilities is set up based on the analysis of passenger service chain in station. Then the passenger flow distribution model with node capacity constraints is established considering the passenger choice behavior. The dynamic penalty function is introduced to solve this model. Based on the result of the solution, the identification of bottleneck for passenger transport capacity through the index of affected degree of nodes is proposed. Finally, a case study of Lujiabang Road Station in Shanghai is carried out and compared with the simulation results of StaPass, verifying the feasibility and accuracy of this approach, which can help to analyze the passenger flow distribution of metro station in different scenarios.

Key words:metro network; bottleneck for passenger transport capacity; association network of facilities; passenger choice behavior; passenger flow distribution model; dynamic penalty function