基于统计能量法的汽车风噪传播特性分析

Analysis of Wind Noise Propagation Characteristics of Automobile Based on Statistical Energy Analysis

摘要:

以某款实车为研究对象，结合风洞试验、计算流体力学（CFD）和统计能量分析方法（SEA），获取该车在140 km?h-1下的外部脉动压力和声场输入，建立较为准确的SEA模型，探索车外空气脉动及其产生的气动噪声向车内的传播特性.研究表明，车内气动噪声主要来自于车窗、前后风挡；车外脉动压力远大于声场，但声场主导中频偏高频车内噪声，脉动压力在中频偏低频作用明显；风挡向车内的声能传播，主要以车外空气脉动激发的振动传递为主.

Abstract:

Wind tunnel test CFD（computational fluid dynamics）and SEA（statistical energy analysis） are used to study the vehicle dynamic pressure and sound field of the external gas artery of the car at 140 km/h to obtain the vehicle SEA model with high accuracy. Based on the model, the transmission of aerodynamic pulsation and the aerodynamic noise from the exterior of the vehicle to the interior space is investigated. The results show that the main contribution of aerodynamic noise in the vehicle comes from the window, the front and the rear windshield. The pulsating pressure outside the vehicle is far higher than the sound field. The sound field dominates in the higher part of the middle frequency noise, while the pulsating pressure dominates in the lower part. It is found that the glass of window has obvious characteristics.