利用带流向阀门拓扑模型评价供水管网可靠性

Reliability Evaluation of Water Distribution Networks Using a Valve Topology Model

摘要:

为了精细刻画供水管网在事故状态下的可靠性，提出一种新的供水管网分析模型——考虑流向的单元阀门图（segmentvalve diagram with flow directions, SVFD）.该模型将供水管网阀门拓扑模型改造为有向图，用有向边标记阀门处的水流方向，能够更加精准地描述爆管时需要关闭的阀门，并有利于获取真实完整的停水区域.运用该模型进行供水管网拓扑可靠性评价，面向事故影响、隔离难度和应急时间，设计了5个新的评价指标.使用这些指标对中国3个城市的供水管网进行可靠性分析，结果显示，与基于单元阀门图的传统经典指标相比较，改进指标能更加准确清晰地反映管网事故的实际影响和处置难度.

关键词:供水管网; 网络拓扑; 网络分析; 阀门; 单元阀门图模型; 管道损坏; 可靠性评价

Abstract:

A novel water distribution network (WDN) analysis model, segmentvalve diagram with flow directions (SVFD), is proposed to elaborate the reliability of WDNs in case of accident. By transforming a WDN valve topology model into a directed graph and marking directions of water flowing through valves with directed edges, this model can more accurately determine the valves to be closed when a pipe burst occurs, and is conducive to obtaining the really complete outage area. This paper takes advantage of SVFD to evaluate topological reliability of WDNs, and designs 5 new evaluation indicators oriented to accident impact, isolation difficulty and emergency disposal time. Reliability analysis of WDNs in 3 Chinese cities is conducted with these indicators, which shows that compared with the traditional classic indicators based on the segmentvalve diagram, the improved indicators can reflect the actual impact and disposing difficulty of pipe network accidents more accurately and clearly.

Key words:water distribution networks; network topology; network analysis; valves; segmentvalve diagram; pipe failures; reliability evaluation