铝基复合制动盘闸片开发及试验

Development and Testing of Pad for Brake Disc of Aluminum Matrix Composites

摘要:

为开发与SiC颗粒增强铝基复合制动盘匹配使用的闸片，设计了金属系和陶瓷系两种配方的闸片.闸片经由传统工艺和微孔工艺两种工艺成型，并进行了小样惯性缩比试验、定速摩擦试验，1∶1台架试验及噪声测试.结果表明，陶瓷系微孔工艺成型的J65217c闸片在紧急制动、常用制动、模拟线路制动工况下的平均摩擦系数及静摩擦系数，满足城轨车辆要求，磨耗量0.58 cm3?MJ-1，制动盘最高温度不超过400 ℃，常用制动噪声为79.3~93.4 dB(A).此外，通过减少金属填料增加陶瓷成分，可有效降低闸片摩擦系数的波动和磨耗；传统工艺闸片较微孔工艺闸片磨耗略低；摩擦系数速度曲线的负斜率特性和微孔成型技术有利于降低闸片制动噪声，制动力越大噪声越大；小尺寸试样比实物闸片的摩擦系数波动性小.

Abstract:

To develop pad matching for brake disc of SiCp/Al composite, two formulas of metal series and ceramic series were designed. Pads were formed respectively by using the conventional and the microporous forming processes. Sample inertia subscale test, constant speed friction test, full-scale rig test and noise test were conducted. The results show that the average friction coefficient in emergency braking, service braking, and track simulation braking, and the static friction coefficient of J65217c pad by using the microporous forming process can meet the requirements of urban rail vehicle. The wear of J65217c pad is 0.58 cm3?MJ-1, and its noise in service braking is 79.3 to 93.4 dB(A).The maximum temperature of disc in the whole braking process is much lower than 400 ℃.In addition, the fluctuation of friction coefficient and wear of pad can be decreased effectively by reducing metal filler while adding ceramic filler. The wear of pad forming by using the conventional process is slightly lower than that of the pad forming by using the microporous process. Negative slope of friction coefficientspeed curve and porosity guaranteed by the microporous process are beneficial for reducing braking noise. As the braking force increases, the noise increases. The fluctuation of friction coefficient of subscale sample is smaller than that of fullscale pad.