剪切型减振器下钢轨振动衰减率及阻尼器调谐分析

Analysis of Decay Rate of Rail Using Egg Fastening System and Tuning Mechanism of Tuning Rail Damper

摘要:

通过建立基于谱单元法的钢轨元胞模型，并结合Bloch定理，研究了采用剪切型减振器钢轨的垂向振动衰减率.在此基础上，分析了调频式钢轨减振器（TRD）对钢轨垂向振动衰减率的影响.研究结果表明，剪切型减振器自身的振动特性使钢轨垂向振动衰减率在500 Hz附近出现了新的峰值；铁垫板、轨下垫板对钢轨垂向振动衰减率的影响主要体现在500 Hz以上的高频；剪切型减振器对钢轨垂向振动衰减率的影响主要体现在400 Hz以下的中低频；TRD能够大幅度提高其自身工作频率（取决于TRD质量和刚度）附近钢轨的垂向振动衰减率，装有TRD的钢轨在200～400 Hz内的垂向振动衰减率较未安装TRD时普遍提高了5倍以上；增加TRD阻尼能够有效提高钢轨振动衰减率.

Abstract:

By establishing a cellular rail model based on the spectral element method and combining with Bloch theorem, the vertical decay rate of the rail using the egg fastening system is studied, based on which, the influence of tuned rail damper (TRD) on the vertical decay rate of the rail is analyzed. The results show that the vibration characteristics of the egg fastening system itself causes a new peak of the rail vertical decay rate of around 500 Hz. The influence of the change of the parameters of the iron pad and the rail pad on the vertical decay rate of the rail is mainly reflected at a high frequency of above 500 Hz, and the influence of the change of the parameters of the egg fastening system on the vertical decay rate of the rail is mainly reflected at a middle and low frequency of below 400 Hz.TRD can greatly increase the vertical decay rate of the rail in the vicinity of its working frequency (depending on the mass and stiffness of TRD). The vertical decay rate of rail in the range of 200 to 400 Hz with TRD is more than five times larger than that without TRD. Increasing TRD damping can increase the decay rate of the rail.