驾驶员驾驶行为的统计学特性

Driving Behavior Statistical Characteristics of the Driver

摘要:

使用自然驾驶数据研究了驾驶员驾驶行为的统计学特性.选取车辆的纵向加速度、侧向加速度、横摆角速度和速度作为描述驾驶员驾驶行为的特征参数.首先，讨论了驾驶员驾驶行为特性的收敛性.使用核密度估计得到了驾驶行为特征参数的概率分布，使用相对熵描述不同数据集之间分布的差异.接着，使用稳定收敛的数据集研究了驾驶行为特征参数的分布特性.最后，使用驾驶行为特征参数的条件分布研究了它们之间的相互影响.结论包括：前向加速度，制动减速度，侧向加速度，横摆角速度均近似服从帕累托分布; 制动减速度或前向加速度增加时，驾驶员的转向操作倾向于更加剧烈，反之亦然; 驾驶员制动，加速，和转向操作的剧烈程度随速度增加均先增大后减小.

Abstract:

In this paper, the driving behavior statistical characteristics of the driver are studied by using the naturalistic driving data. The longitudinal acceleration, lateral acceleration, yaw rate, and velocity of the vehicle were chosen as the characteristic parameters which were employed to describe the driving behavior of the driver. Firstly, the convergence of the driving behavior of the driver was discussed. The kernel density estimation was used to achieve the probability distribution of the driving behavior characteristic parameters. And the kullback-liebler divergence was applied to describe the distribution distinction between datasets which were composed of different amount of data. Next, the distribution characteristics of the driving behavior characteristic parameters were proposed by using the convergent dataset. In the last, the conditional distribution of the driving behavior characteristic parameters were used to study the interaction between these parameters. The conclusions can be summarized as: The forward acceleration, brake deceleration, lateral acceleration, and yaw rate approximately follow the Pareto distribution. The steering maneuver of the driver tends to be more intense when brake deceleration or forward acceleration increases, and vice versa. The steering, braking, and accelerating maneuvers of the driver become more intense and then become less intense when the velocity increases.