秦皇岛筏式养殖对水动力和污染物输运的影响

Impact of Raft-culture on Hydrodynamic and Pollutant Transport in Qinhuangdao Coastal Water

摘要:

随着秦皇岛近海筏式养殖产量增加和养殖规模的扩大，大量养殖网笼的布置改变了近岸海洋动力环境特性.结合筏式养殖物理模型试验和实测资料对水动力和水质数学模型进行率定和验证，运用验证好的数学模型，模拟秦皇岛有无养殖区条件下近岸海域水动力和污染物输运过程，探究筏式养殖区对海域水动力和污染物输运的影响机制.结果表明：养殖区对海域水流有明显的阻碍作用，区内流速明显减小；高密度养殖区较低密度养殖区流速减小幅度大；养殖区阻碍了污染物的输运，对污染输运的影响集中在养殖区内部，且影响程度向外海递减.

Abstract:

With the increasing of the production and scale of raft-culture in Qinhuangdao coastal water, the characteristics of hydrodynamic and environment were changed by layout of a large number of breeding cage. A hydrodynamic and water quality model was calibrated and validated by the physical experiment of raft-culture and observation data. The validated model was used to simulate the hydrodynamic and pollutant transport process respectively with or without the raft-culture. The influence mechanism of the raft-culture on hydrodynamic and the pollutant transport was studied. It reveals that flow in the culture zone can be obstructed where the velocity decreases obviously; the velocity reduction in a higher density raft-culture zone is larger than that in a lower density zone; pollutant transport is obstructed by raft-culture, which leads the impact of obstruction concentrates inside raft-culture zone and the impact degree decreases progressively toward the sea from the raft-culture zone.