地铁普通扣件钢轨波磨特性

Rail Corrugation Characteristics of the Common Fastener Track in Metro

摘要:

通过分析上海某地铁线路上普通扣件轨道区段钢轨波磨实测数据，得到该区段波磨的典型通过频率.然后建立三维实体有限元模型并进行模态分析，发现实测波磨的典型通过频率均与轨道结构某几阶弯曲振型的频率相接近.最后基于摩擦功理论，建立磨耗计算模型并进行仿真计算，对波磨频率特征及发展特性进行分析研究.结果表明普通扣件轨道低频处峰值较大，而且不同车速下峰值频率基本吻合.结合磨耗叠加图及1/3倍频程等级图，可得相同速度下，随着叠加次数的增加，波磨波峰、波谷叠加位置相同，特征频率相同；不同速度下，波磨的特征频率并未随速度的改变而发生改变，体现了波磨固定位置和固定频率的特性.在车速80km?h-1和60 km?h-1下，波磨在40 Hz、80 Hz频带内发生的可能性较大；而在车速40 km?h-1下，轨道上主要表现为均匀磨耗.同时车速对波磨的增长有一定影响，速度越大，总体磨耗量越大；但磨耗的发展速度并不完全随车速的增大而增大.

Abstract:

The typical passing frequency of the corrugation was obtained by analysing the measured data of the rail corrugation of the common fastener track section on a metro line. Then, the three-dimensional solid finite element model was established and the modal analysis was carried out. It was found that the typical passing frequencies of the measured corrugation are close to the frequencies of some bending modes of the track structure. Finally, based on the theory of friction work, the wear calculation model was established and the simulation was carried out. The frequency characteristics and development process of the corrugation were analysed and studied. The results showed that the peak value of the common fastener track at the low frequencies is relatively high, and the peak frequency is basically the same at different vehicle speeds. Combining the wear superposed graph and one-third octave diagram, it can be concluded that at the same speed, with the increase of the superposition number, the superposition position of the peak and valley of the corrugation is the same respectively, and the characteristic frequency is the same; and at different speeds, the characteristic frequencies of the corrugation do not change with the change of the speed, which reflects the characteristics of the fixed position and frequency of the corrugation. At the speed of 80 km?h-1 and 60 km?h-1, the corrugation is more likely to occur in the frequency band of 40 Hz and 80 Hz, while at the speed of 40 km?h-1, there is mainly uniformity wear on the rails. At the same time, the speed of the vehicle has a certain influence on the growth of the corrugation. The higher the speed, the greater the overall wear loss, but the development speed of the wear does not completely increase with the increase of the vehicle speed.