基于改进势能场模型的地铁车站应急疏散动态仿真

Dynamic Simulation on Emergency Evacuation in Metro Stations Based on Improved Potential Energy Field Model

摘要:

通过车站环境构成及其对乘客疏散行为作用的分析，提出以设施或设备为目标点的吸引势能场和以事件或障碍物为核心的排斥势能场计算模型，并设计基于最短距离的势能场迭代生成算法。在此基础上，提出势能场模型和改进社会力模型的融合方法，建立突发事件下地铁车站应急疏散动态仿真模型。最后，利用Unity平台和C#编程开发技术对上述模型进行了初步实验验证与效果分析。

关键词:地铁车站;动态仿真;应急疏散;势能场模型;社会力模型

Abstract:

By analyzing the station environment impact on passenger evacuation behaviors, the calculation methods of attracting potential energy field for facilities and equipment as well as repulsive potential energy field for events and obstacles were proposed. Then an iterative generation algorithm of potential energy field based on the shortest distance was developed to describe the station environmental structure and the environmental impact mechanism on passenger behaviors. On this basis, a fusion method combining the potential energy field model and the improved social force model was put forward, and a dynamic simulation model for emergency evacuations in metro stations was established. Finally, Unity platform and C# programming technology were used to demonstrate and verify the proposed metood.

Key words:metro station;dynamic simulation;emergency evacuation;potential energy field model;social force model