电磁旋转涡流制动器制动力矩控制

Torque Control of an Electromagnetic Eddy Current Brake

摘要:

研究了电磁旋转涡流制动器制动力矩控制方法。利用磁路分析法得到了制动力矩的计算公式，以及制动力矩与励磁电流及列车速度的数学关系，从而确定制动力矩控制系统的总体方案，阐述系统工作原理，说明系统各主要组成模块，建立其仿真模型，并根据系统总体方案完成模块集成。介绍了PID（比例-积分-微分）控制、模糊控制、模糊自适应PI控制3种制动力矩控制算法，说明控制器设计步骤。完成仿真计算，并对结果进行对比分析。结果表明，相对于开环控制，3种控制算法都能有效地控制制动力矩。此外，无论是系统瞬态性能指标，还是稳态性能指标，都是模糊自适应PI控制表现最佳，模糊控制次之，PID控制相对最差。

Abstract:

The torque control method of an electromagnetic eddy current brake was studied. First, the calculation formula of braking torque was obtained by using the magnetic circuit analysis method, and the mathematical relationship between braking torque and excitation current and train speed was obtained. Thus the overall scheme and operation principle of the control system were demonstrated, the main modules of the system were introduced, and the simulation model was established. Secondly, the design process and three control algorithms, which include the PID control, the fuzzy control, and the fuzzy self-adaptive PI control, were introduced. Lastly, the simulation was conducted and a comparison analysis was made between the results. The result shows that the three closed-loop control algorithms have effectively controlled the brake torque in the braking process. Moreover, fuzzy self-adaptive PI control presents the best results in both steady-state performance and transient performance, trailed by fuzzy control and PID control successively.