信息机制对出租车司机服务供给行为的影响

Impacts of Information Mechanisms on Taxi Drivers’ Behaviors in Ride-Hailing Services

摘要:

网约车平台的出现使得出租车司机可以提前获得乘客出行信息，在提高供-需匹配效率的同时也带来了司机挑客或隐性拒载等潜在问题。基于司机在不同程度预知乘客出行信息情况下的运营数据，通过描述性统计分析了运营模式转变期间司机服务供给的基本特征，基于非参数检验的结果对订单距离分组，利用空间统计和空间分析研究了司机对长距离订单的响应行为规律。结果证实了信息差异对于出租车订单的影响，并且发现充分获知信息的司机在响应长距离订单时具有出发时刻和载客位置的选择倾向性。因此，未来出行平台的机制设计和策略评估应当将信息管制纳入其中。

Abstract:

The advent of the online ride-hailing platform enables the driver to obtain the departure time and destination of passengers in advance, thereby improving matching efficiency. However, it also causes potential discrimination because it makes it possible for the driver to select or reject specific passengers. In order to study the impact of information mechanism on taxi drivers, this paper uses the taxi operation data generated under different conditions by information mechanism to analyze driver service characteristics by using the descriptive statistical methods. Based on the results of non-parametric tests, taxi orders are divided into short and long distances. Spatial statistics and spatial analysis are used to study drivers’ responses to long-distance taxi orders. The results demonstrate that the impact of information differences on taxi operations. Drivers who provide the service through ride-hailing apps are likely to choose specific departure times and passenger locations when responding to long-distance taxi orders. Therefore, information regulation should be considered in the mechanism design and strategy evaluation of ride-hailing platforms in the future travel market.