基于随机振动环境归纳的车辆设备疲劳寿命估计

Fatigue Lifetime Estimation of Rail Vehicle Equipment Based on Inductive Method of Random Vibration Environment

摘要:

针对车辆设备疲劳寿命估计时的复杂振动环境特点，提出一种适用于车辆设备的随机振动环境归纳方法，并基于此归纳方法给出了一种车辆设备疲劳寿命估计流程。通过参数假设检验合并振动环境数据，估计样本的容差上限，得到实测谱和规范谱。以某型地铁车辆轴箱吊耳疲劳断裂为例，对实测应力进行统计分析，并将实测谱和规范谱作为激励，仿真计算吊耳的疲劳寿命。结果表明，相比于实测应力下的疲劳结果，实测谱和规范谱的仿真结果的相对误差分别为1.8%和4.1%，证明提出的振动环境归纳方法及疲劳寿命估计方法可靠性高，可为实际工程应用提供参考。

Abstract:

Aimed at the characteristics of complex vibration environment when estimating the fatigue life of rail vehicle equipment, an inductive method of random vibration environment suitable for rail vehicle equipment is proposed, and a fatigue life estimation process of rail vehicle equipment is solved based on the inductive method. Combining the vibration environment data in the parameter hypothesis test, the upper tolerance limit of the sample is estimated, and the measured spectrum and the normalized spectrum are obtained. Taking the fatigue fracture of the axle box lug of a certain type of subway vehicle as an example, the measured stress is statistically analyzed, and the measured spectrum and the normalized spectrum are used as excitation to simulate the fatigue life of the lug. The results show that compared with the fatigue result at the measured stress, the relative errors of the simulation results of the measured spectrum and the normalized spectrum are 1.8% and 4.1%, respectively, which proves that the proposed vibration environment inductive method and the fatigue life estimation method are highly reliable and can provide references for practical engineering applications.