西太平洋暖池区深海沉积物细菌群落结构分析

Phylogeny of Bacteria in Deepsea Sediments from West Pacific Warm Pool

摘要:

将传统培养方法与分子生物学方法结合，选取西太平洋暖池区上的5个位点进行深海细菌群落结构分析.变形梯度凝胶电泳（DGGE）带型分析表明5个位点的细菌群落结构相似，分子生物学调查得到的15种类型归属于变形细菌(Proteobacteria) 的gamma 亚群、alpha 亚群、beta 亚群、delta亚群，其中与硫代谢相关的克隆子数可达14.03%，说明该海域的硫代谢活动较活跃；用培养的方法共获得32株细菌，归属于变形细菌的gamma 亚群、beta 亚群，革兰氏阳性细菌.两种方法中变形细菌的gamma 亚群为沉积物中的优势细菌类群，说明gammaproteobacteria 在太平洋海域有广泛的分布.分离的菌株大多能够在低温环境下产生大分子物质水解酶类，同样说明所调查海域有比较活跃的物质代谢活动.

Abstract:

Phylogenetic studies based on 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis,together with bacterial cultivation were used to study the bacteria diversity in five sites of deep sea sediment from west Pacific warm pool.Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis(DGGE) profiles reveal the similar bacteria populations in sediments from five sites.16S rDNA gene sequence analyses reveal that all clones fall in proteobacteria (in subdivision gamma,alpha,beta,delta),14.03% clones are related with sulfur metabolism,indicating a relative high activity of sulfur metabolism;32 strains isolated from the samples belong to two divisions: proteobacteria (in subdivision gamma,beta) and grampositive bacteria.Gammaproteobacteria dominated the bacterial community of five sites indicates the widely distributed of gammaproteobacteria in Pacific Ocean.Majority of the bacterial strains are able to secrete diversity cold adaptive hydrolytic enzymes into the medium at 4 ℃,indicates the relatively high metabolic activity in west Pacific Ocean.