基于分布式驱动电动汽车的再生制动策略设计及优化

Design and Optimization of Regenerative Braking Strategy Based on Distributed Drive Electric Vehicle

摘要:

针对前轴集中电机驱动、后轴轮毂电机驱动的分布式驱动汽车，设计了再生制动策略（策略1）。根据再生制动时的动力传动过程提出了发电系统总效率的概念，并根据其最高得到最优的前后电机力分配系数，在欧洲经济委员会（ECE）法规的约束下，设计了再生制动经济性优化策略（策略2）。考虑到装备了防抱死制动系统（ABS）的车辆在制动强度较小时可优先使用后轴电机进行再生制动，提出了低制动强度下的经济性优化策略，以充分利用发电系统的高效区（策略3）。分析并说明了所提出的策略对制动感觉的影响不大。仿真结果表明，三种策略的能量消耗分别减少14.05%，15.04%和16.64%。

Abstract:

A regenerative braking strategy was designed for a distributed drive vehicle with a centralized motor drive on the front axle and a hub motor on the rear axle， namely Strategy 1. According to the power transmission process in a braking， the concept of the total efficiency of the power generation system was proposed， and the optimal front and rear motor force distribution coefficient was obtained based on its maximum of it. Then， under the constraints of ECE（Economic Commission of Europe） regulations， the regenerative braking economic optimization strategy was designed， namely Strategy 2. For vehicles equipped with ABS（Antilock Brake System）， when the braking strength is small （z<0.2）， the rear axle motor can be preferentially used in regenerative braking. Therefore， an economic optimization strategy at low braking strengths was proposed， namely Strategy 3， to make the most of the efficient area of the power generation system. The analysis demonstrates that the proposed strategy has little effect on braking feel. The simulation results show that the energy consumption of the three strategies is reduced by 14.05%， 15.04% and 16.64%， respectively.