车用多堆燃料电池系统能量管理与控制策略

Energy Management and Control Strategy of Multi-Stack Fuel Cell System for Automotive Applications

摘要:

针对单堆燃料电池系统的输出功率、效率和寿命问题，对车用多堆燃料电池（multi-stack fuel cell， MFC）系统的能量管理策略（energy management strategy， EMS）与控制策略进行研究。提出了多级能量管理策略，其中第一级EMS基于工况对MFC系统与动力电池系统间的能量进行自适应分配，第二级EMS引入兼顾效率和寿命的目标优化函数，优化分配每个电堆的功率输出。研究结果表明，在满足同一电功率负载工况需求条件下，与单堆燃料电池系统相比较，MFC系统的燃料经济性可提高约4%，系统寿命性能也有所改善。

关键词:多堆燃料电池系统;能量管理策略;工况识别;优化模型;最优分配策略

Abstract:

To solve the problems of low output efficiency and short life of single-stack fuel cell systems， the energy management strategy （EMS） and control strategy of the multi-stack fuel cell （MFC） system for vehicles were studied in this paper. A multi-level EMS was proposed， in which the first-level EMS adaptively distributed energy between the MFC system and the power battery system based on working conditions， and the second-level EMS used an objective optimization function that took into account efficiency and life to optimize the distribution of each power output of the stack. The results show that compared with the single-stack fuel cell system， the fuel economy of the MFC system can be increased by 4% and the life performance of the MFC system can also be improved.

Key words:multi-stack fuel cell system;energy management strategy;driving cycle recognition;optimization model;optimal power distribution strategy