高密度路网区高速公路可变信息标志版面要素组合

Layout Elements Combination Optimization of Variable Message Signs for Expressways in High-Density Road Network Areas

摘要:

为确定适用于高密度路网区高速公路的可变信息标志（VMS）版面要素组合，综合运用小型驾驶模拟器和眼动仪采集了20名驾驶员视认4种VMS版面和2种普通标志的数据，采用指标方差分析检验了6种版面诱导结果、驾驶操纵稳定性、驾驶操纵负荷、视认行为的差异性，结果表明，VMS版面4与普通标志牌无显著差异，不会对行车安全造成影响。采用指标因子分析法提出综合反映驾驶员各项驾驶行为指标特征的参数S，实现对驾驶行为的多元量化评价，结果表明VMS版面4最佳。综合以上分析，推荐高密度路网区高速公路VMS版面要素组合形式为，路网形状采用拓扑图表示，高速公路用平纵相连的光带表示，其他道路线形用短横线简略表示，互通用圆形表示；红、黄、绿色分别表示拥堵、缓行、畅通3种路况；各互通处采用白色三角标注路段指向，枢纽、一般互通处分别标注地名和互通名，并对驾驶员所处位置进行醒目标注。

Abstract:

In order to determine the optimal layout elements combination of route guidance variable message signs （VMS） on the expressway in high-density road network areas， a PC-fixed driving simulator and an eye tracker were used to collect the behavior data of 20 participants under 4 VMS schemes and 2 normal traffic signs. An indicator variance analysis was conducted to test the differences among 6 different traffic signs including route guidance results， driving stability， driving load， and visual recognition behavior. The results suggest that there is no significant difference between VMS scheme 4 and normal traffic signs， which means that the driving safety can be ensured by this scheme. The index factor analysis method was applied to propose a parameter S that can comprehensively reflect the characteristics of various driving behavior indicators of drivers， and make the multiple quantitative evaluation of driving behavior. The results indicate that the performance of VMS scheme 4 is the optimal scheme. In summary， the layout elements combination of route guidance VMS for expressway in high-density road network areas is recommended as follows： the shape of the road network should be represented by topological diagrams， expressways should be represented by light strips connected horizontally and vertically， other roads should be represented by short horizontal lines， and the interchanges should be represented by circles. Red， yellow， and green colors should be used to respectively indicate congestion， slow traffic， and smooth traffic conditions. A white triangle should be used to identify the direction of interchange， the hub and general interchange should be respectively marked with the place name and the interchange name， and the driver’s current location should be highlighted.