圆柱与扭转柱杆件受电弓气动与噪声研究

Research on Aerodynamics and Noise of Pantographs with Circular Cylinder and Twisted Cylinder

摘要:

受电弓气动与噪声性能对高速列车非常重要，为此开展了圆柱和扭转柱杆件受电弓气动与噪声仿真分析。与圆柱杆件相比，扭转柱杆件受电弓虽然平均阻力稍有增大，但其平均和脉动升力大幅度降低，从气动力角度来看对改善受电弓运行稳定性和受流质量有积极作用。通过对受电弓尾迹流场开展聚类分析发现，圆柱杆件和扭转柱杆件受电弓尾迹流场均存在三条闭环转换路径。与圆柱杆件相比，扭转柱杆件的第二条转换路径稍短，但第三条转换路径稍长。当下臂杆由圆柱变为扭转柱时，在高度方向将由单一的旋涡向多个正负交替旋涡转变。扭转柱杆件受电弓消除圆柱杆件受电弓的峰值噪声，总声压级减少了1.5 dB，改善了受电弓气动噪声性能。

Abstract:

Due to the importance of the pantograph for high-speed train， the aerodynamic and noise simulation analyses of the pantographs with circular cylinder and twisted cylinder were conducted. Compared with the pantograph with circular cylinder， although the average resistance of the pantograph with twisted cylinder is slightly increased， its average and pulsating lift force is greatly reduced， which is helpful to improve the operation stability and current quality of the pantograph from the viewpoint of aerodynamic. The cluster analysis of the pantograph wake flow field indicates that there are three closed-loop conversion paths in the wake flow field of pantograph with circular cylinder and twisted cylinder. Compared with the circular cylinder， the second conversion path of the twisted cylinder is slightly shorter， but the third conversion path is slightly longer. When the lower arm changes from the circular cylinder to the twisted cylinder， the single vortex transforms to multiple alternating positive and negative vortices in the vertical direction. The pantograph with the twisted cylinder can eliminate the peak noise of the pantograph with the circular cylinder and reduce the total sound pressure level by 1.5 dB， which is beneficial to improve the aerodynamic noise performance of the pantograph.