不同材料对水源水石油类物质的吸附性能研究

Oil Adsorption Performance of Different Oil-absorbing Materials in Source Water

摘要:

分析了传统吸油材料对饮用水水源中石油类污染物质的去除效能。通过对比市面上常用的4类共8种吸油材料对不同油品的吸附容量发现，饱和吸附容量最大的是棉花，最小的是蛭石；吸附材料PP吸油棉的纯相油类的饱和吸附容量为9.0~13.0 g·g^-1，保油性根据油品不同30 min的保油率大致为60%~70%；PP吸油棉对油水混合物中石油类物质的吸附完全属于物理吸附，吸附动力学符合拟一级动力学模型，10 min能达到60%~70%的去除率，120 min能达到80%~90%的去除率；影响吸附速率的关键因素是吸油棉与含油水的接触面积，覆盖面积越大吸附效果越好。

Abstract:

The paper studied and analyzed the removal efficiency and influencing factors of 8 types of oil-absorbing materials on the petroleum pollutants in the source water. By comparing the adsorption capacity of 8 types of oil absorption materials of 4 sorts commonly used in the market to different oil products， it is found that the largest saturated adsorption capacity is cotton and the smallest is vermiculite. The absorbent material PP absorbent cotton has a saturated adsorption capacity of 9.0 ~ 13.0 g·g^-1 for pure phase oil and oil retention is approximately 60% ~ 70% for 30 minutes depending on the sort of oil. The adsorption of PP oil absorbent cotton on petroleum substances in oil-water mixture is completely physical adsorption， and the adsorption kinetics conforms to the pseudo-first-class kinetic model. The removal rate can reach 60% ~ 70% in 10 minutes， and 80% ~ 90% in 120 minutes. The key factor affecting the adsorption rate is the contact area between oil-absorbing cotton and oily water. The larger the coverage area， the better the adsorption effect.