超疏水型生态修复材料的制备及性能影响规律

Preparation and Properties of Superhydrophobic Materials for Ecological Restoration

摘要:

为提高砂质土壤保水蓄水能力，制备出一种性能优异的超疏水型生态修复材料，以砂质土壤为芯料，通过调整覆膜材料的种类、掺量和芯料级配，并在芯料表面构建纳米粗糙结构，探究该材料防渗性和透气性的影响规律。结果表明：在选取覆膜材料时，疏水树脂的表面能应小于30mN·m^-1；为提升该材料的防渗性能，芯料级配分布的相对标准偏差α应大于0.35；在材料具备低表面能的前提下，加入纳米级材料增大粗糙度，可显著提高超疏水型生态修复材料的防渗性能。用掺量为1%的氟硅树脂对大漠砂覆膜后，加入掺量为0.3%的纳米SiO₂在表面构建粗糙结构，所制得的超疏水型生态修复材料耐静水高度可达48cm。

Abstract:

In order to improve the water-holding capacity of sandy soil， and produce the super-hydrophobic material for ecological restoration ， this paper discusses the influence of raw materials， in which sandy soil is chosen as the core material， on impermeability and air permeability by adjusting the types and content of film covering material， changing the gradation of the core material and constructing nano rough structure on the surface of the core material. The results show that when selecting the film covering material， the surface energy should be less than 30mN·m^-1. To improve the impermeability of the material， the standard deviation α of the core material distribution should be greater than 0.35. In the case of material with low surface energy， adding nano material to increase the roughness is the key to further improve the impermeability of the super-hydrophobic material for ecological restoration. After filming the desert sand with 1% fluorosilicone resin and adding 0.3% nano-silica to construct nano rough structure， the super-hydrophobic material for ecological restoration obtained can withstand hydrostatic pressure up to 48cm.