一种基于可变等效因子的燃料电池汽车等效燃料消耗最小策略

An Equivalent Fuel Consumption Minimization Strategy for Fuel Cell Vehicles Based on Variable Equivalent Coefficient

摘要:

为了改进燃料电池汽车的燃料经济性与环境适应性，基于等效燃料消耗最小策略，开展了燃料电池汽车能量管理与优化算法的研究。首先，基于车辆动力学模型求解得出的输出功率或制动回收功率，计算系统的等效燃料消耗，并将其作为优化目标，以期实现经济性最优的功率分配；其次，为了适应不同的环境工况，基于等效因子的实际物理意义，提出了随蓄电池荷电状态变化的可变等效因子，使燃料电池汽车能在更好地维持荷电状态的同时，可更充分地利用蓄电池空余能量。WLTC（worldwide harmonized light vehicles test cycle）和CATC（China automobile test cycle）等标准行驶工况下的仿真结果表明，所提出的基于可变等效因子的等效燃料消耗最小策略，可以满足燃料电池汽车降低氢耗、保持蓄电池荷电状态的功能，实现了能量管理与优化，具有较好的工况适应能力。

关键词:燃料电池汽车;能量管理策略;燃料经济性;等效燃料消耗最小策略;可变等效因子

Abstract:

In order to improve the fuel economy and environmental adaptability of fuel cell vehicles， the energy management and optimization algorithm of fuel cell vehicle is studied based on the equivalent fuel consumption minimization strategy. First， the output power or braking recovery power is obtained by solving the vehicle dynamics model， and the equivalent fuel consumption of the system is calculated and taken as the optimization objective to achieve the most economic power distribution. In order to improve the adaptability to different working conditions， considering the physical meaning of equivalent coefficient， a variable equivalent coefficient concerning the state of charge of battery is formulated for the first time， so that the fuel cell vehicle can better maintain the state of charge and make full use of the spare energy of the battery. The simulation results under WLTC （worldwide harmonized light vehicles test cycle） and CATC （China automobile test cycle） standard conditions show that the proposed equivalent consumption minimization strategy based on the variable equivalent factor can meet the function of reducing fuel consumption and maintaining battery state of charge， which realizes the energy management and optimization of fuel cell vehicle and verifies good adaptability to working conditions.

Key words:fuel cell vehicle;energy management strategy;fuel economy;equivalent fuel consumption minimization strategy;variable equivalent coefficient