基于失效模式及影响分析的数字化转型风险分析

Risk Analysis of Digital Transformation Based on Failure Mode and Effect Analysis

摘要:

引入模糊集理论、灰色关联分析（grey relational analysis， GRA）和逼近理想解排序法（technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution， TOPSIS）对失效模式及影响分析方法（failure mode and effect analysis，FMEA）进行改进，构建面向企业数字化转型的风险分析模型。首先，通过文献分析、专家访谈和问卷调查等方式，提出影响企业数字化转型的六维度因素。其次，结合模糊集理论将专家小组的定性评价指标转化为定量指标；随后，考虑了风险因子的综合权重，通过GRA和TOPSIS方法对失效模式进行排序。最后，将该模型应用于检测行业计划进行数字化转型的某企业，以验证方法的可行性，并提出相应管理建议。

关键词:数字化转型;失效模式及影响分析;模糊集理论;灰色关联分析;逼近理想解排序法

Abstract:

An improved failure mode and effect analysis （FMEA） method based on fuzzy theory， grey relational analysis（GRA） and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution （TOPSIS） was proposed to construct risk analysis model for enterprise digital transformation. Firstly， factors of six dimension that had influence on digital transformation were proposed by literature analysis， expert interview and questionnaire survey. Next， through fuzzy theory， the qualitative evaluation index of expert group was translated into quantitative index. Then， comprehensive weight of risk factors was considered， and failure modes were sorted through GRA and TOPSIS. Finally， the model was applied to a digital transformation enterprise in the testing industry to verify its feasibility. Moreover， management measures were suggested based on the analysis results.

Key words:digital transformation;failure mode and effect analysis;fuzzy set theory;grey relational analysis;technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution