长江经济带污水处理厂能源效率及其影响因素

Energy Efficiency and Influencing Factors of Wastewater Treatment Plants in Yangtze River Economic Belt

摘要:

采用基于归一化的能源强度和基于数据包络分析的相对能源效率指标，对长江经济带970座污水处理厂进行评估，分析了设计要素、运行状况与外部条件的影响。结果表明：970座污水处理厂的能源强度范围以处理水量和COD削减量计分别为0.10~1.84 kWh·m^-3和0.41~1.42 kWh·kg^-1，相对能源效率变化范围为0.02~2.35；能源效率受规模效应影响显著；活性污泥相关工艺的能源效率较高；污染物入水质量浓度较高或出水排放标准等级较低时，能源效率较高；长江经济带上、中、下游污水处理厂能源效率水平存在差异，这是不同子区域污水处理厂设计要素、运行状况、外部条件等因素综合作用的结果。该结果可为污水处理厂节能减排提供理论基础和技术支撑。

Abstract:

The energy efficiency indicators of 970 WWTPs in the Yangtze River Economic Belt （YREB） were evaluated， including the energy intensity （EI） via normalization and the relative energy efficiency （REE） via data envelopment analysis. Meanwhile， influencing factors of designing， operational conditions， and externalities were analyzed. The results show that the EIs of 970 WWTPs change from 0.10 to 1.84 kWh·m^－3 and from 0.41 to 1.42 kWh·kg^-1 in terms of wastewater treated and COD removed， while the variation range of REE is 0.02~2.35. The impact of scale effect on energy efficiency is significant. The WWTPs configured with activated sludge-based processes tend to own better performance on energy efficiency. Besides， relatively higher pollutant concentrations in influent and less strict discharge standards would facilitate the energy efficiency. Finally， WWTPs in subregions of upstream， midstream， and downstream in YREB have different energy efficiency situations. This phenomenon is resulted from the factors such as designing factors， operational conditions， and externalities of WWTPs. This paper is expected to provide theoretical basis and technical support for energy-saving and emission-reduction of WWTPs.