汽车环境风洞和环境舱流场品质的对比研究

Comparative Study on Flow Field Quality of Climatic Wind Tunnel and Climatic Chamber

摘要:

汽车环境风洞和环境舱的流场品质直接影响汽车的各项热气动性能测试结果的准确性。采用试验与计算流体动力学（CFD）仿真相结合的方法研究对比了环境风洞和环境舱的流场品质。试验测试了环境风洞和环境舱试验段特定区域的风速均匀性、边界层厚度、轴向静压梯度和动压稳定性等流场参数，使用CFD方法对环境风洞和环境舱进行流场三维数值模拟。通过对比环境风洞和环境舱的整体流场特征，分析了影响环境风洞和环境舱内流场差异的原因。试验和数值仿真结果表明：汽车环境风洞试验段流场的风速均匀性、边界层、轴向静压梯度、动压稳定性以及气流和风速分布等流场品质明显优于汽车环境舱。

Abstract:

The flow field quality of the vehicle climatic wind tunnel and climatic chamber directly affects the accuracy of the vehicle thermal and aerodynamic performance test results in a climatic laboratory. By combining experiment and the CFD method， the flow field differences between climatic wind tunnel and climatic chamber were studied. First， the primary flow field parameters， such as speed uniformity， boundary layer thickness， kinetic pressure stability and axial static pressure gradient were tested. Using the CFD method， the flow field numerical values were simulated for climatic wind tunnel and climatic chamber. By comparing the overall flow field characteristics of the climatic wind tunnel and climatic chamber， the factors affecting the difference of flow field quality were analyzed. The experimental and numerical simulation results showed that the flow field quality of the climatic wind tunnel was obviously superior to that in the climatic chamber， such as speed uniformity， boundary layer， axial static pressure gradient， kinetic pressure stability， air flow， and wind speed distribution.