预制复合墙板承载性能试验研究

Bearing Performance of Prefabricated Composite Walls

摘要:

研发了一种新型预制复合墙板，墙板的内外叶板均为钢丝网混凝土薄板，中间内嵌发泡水泥块作为保温材料，墙板各部分通过钢筋桁架网格连接成为整体。该墙板既可用作承重构件，也可作为围护构件使用，具有生产便捷、成本低廉、安装方便等优点。对内墙、外墙和开洞外墙共3种规格的预制复合墙板分别进行了单调水平加载试验和低周反复加载试验，研究了墙板在一定轴压比下的抗侧性能。墙板的破坏模式均为混凝土压碎、部分钢筋桁架和钢丝网受拉屈服。单调水平加载试验结果表明，内墙、外墙和开洞外墙的峰值荷载分别为206.16、314.15和201.99 kN，具有良好的承载能力；开洞可有效增加墙板的延性，但墙板的极限承载力出现大幅降低。低周反复加载试验结果表明，墙板的骨架曲线与单调水平加载曲线较为相似；预制复合墙板具有良好的延性和耗能能力，开洞外墙的变形能力及耗能能力明显优于普通外墙和内墙。总体来说，预制复合墙板具有良好的承载力和延性，可以在低层或多层装配式建筑中使用。最后，采用ABAQUS建立了预制复合墙板的数值模型，数值分析与试验对比结果表明，数值模型可以较好地模拟墙板的破坏模式和受力状态，验证了数值模型的有效性。

Abstract:

A new type of prefabricated composite wall was developed， whose inner and outer steel mesh reinforced concrete plates were connected with the reinforced truss grid， and a foamed cement block was embedded in the middle of the inner plate and outer plate to be used as thermal insulation material， which could be used either as a load-bearing member or as an enclosure member， having the advantages of convenient production， low cost， and convenient installation. In this paper， monotonic horizontal loading tests and low cycle repeated loading tests were conducted on three kinds of prefabricated composite walls， including interior walls， exterior walls， and exterior walls with opening， respectively. The failure modes of the walls at two kinds of loads were the same： concrete crushing and partial steel truss and steel wire mesh yielding under tension. The results of monotonic horizontal loading tests show that the prefabricated walls have a good bearing capacity， and the peak loads of the interior wall， the exterior wall， and the exterior wall with opening are 206.16， 314.15， and 201.99 kN， respectively. Moreover， the prefabricated wall with opening can effectively increase the ductility and reduce the ultimate bearing capacity. The results of low cycle repeated loading tests indicate that the skeleton curve of the wall was similar to the load-displacement curve of the wall at monotonic horizontal load， and prefabricated composite walls have a good ductility and energy dissipation capacity. The deformability and energy dissipation capacity of the exterior wall are obviously better than those of the external wall and interior wall. Generally， prefabricated composite walls have a good bearing capacity and ductility， which can be used in low-rise or multi-storey prefabricated buildings. Finally， the bearing capacity of prefabricated thin-walled composite walls at monotonic horizontal load were analyzed using finite element analysis software ABAQUS. A comparison between the numerical and experimental results suggest that the finite element model can simulate the failure modes and stress state of the wall accurately， which can verify the effectiveness of the finite element model.