城市供水管网运行安全监测技术及应用

Operation Safety Monitoring Technology and Its Application in Urban Water Supply Network

摘要:

城市供水管网运行安全监测存在信息不全、手段缺乏的问题。首先通过管损数据分析，研究了供水管网运行安全的影响因素，提出了保护性监测和预防性监测2类监测，建立了供水管网运行状态、管道结构和管网环境等“三类参数”的监测指标；其次针对埋地管网，研究了无线信号在地层中传输的路径损耗规律，研发了无线透传感知网络技术；最后，在上海市供水管网抢修现场部署了监测系统。结果表明：管网交叉路口、交叠管线和交变荷载“三交区域”为管损高发区域，为监测的关键位置；体积含水率是影响无线信号路径损耗的主要因素，在高含水量下，砂性土较黏性土路径损耗小；多跳自组网可有效提升无线网络整体的地层穿透能力；管道下方的回填土密实度对管道后期沉降影响大，应确保回填质量，结构监测系统可先于管网渗漏、压力流量变化进行安全预警。

Abstract:

There are problems of incomplete information and lack of means in monitoring the operation safety of urban water supply pipeline networks. First， pipe loss data was analyzed to understand the influencing factors of water supply network operation safety. Protective monitoring and preventive monitoring were proposed for different purposes. Monitoring indexes were established， including the operation status， pipe structure， and environment conditions. Then， the path loss of wireless signal transmission for buried pipelines in the soil was studied. Finally， a monitoring system was deployed at the emergency repair site of Shanghai Water Supply Network. The results indicate that there are lots of pipe loss at the location involving the intersection， overlapping pipelines， and alternating load. They are the key locations for monitoring. The volumetric water content of soil is the main factor affecting the path loss of wireless signals. The path loss of sandy soil is smaller than that of clay soil at a high water content. The multi-hop network can effectively improve the penetrability of wireless network. The compactness of the backfill below the pipeline has a great impact on the later settlement of the pipeline. Therefore the quality of the backfill should be ensured. Structural monitoring can precede leakage， pressure， and flow change of water supply network for safety warnings.