钻地爆炸耦合地冲击等效计算理论与方法

Theory and Method of Equivalent Calculation of Coupling Ground Shock of Earth-Penetrating Explosion

摘要:

钻地爆炸地冲击对地下防护工程构成重大威胁，目前常用的试验手段难以建立普遍适用的制导钻地炸弹、超高速动能弹和钻地核弹耦合地冲击效应计算方法。为此，文中从理论上揭示了钻地爆炸破坏区体积与耦合地冲击能量的关系。依据地下爆炸压缩与破坏半径和爆炸当量的关系，给出了现有主要耦合系数之间的换算公式，提出了仅需接触爆压缩半径和封闭爆压缩半径两个初始参数的耦合系数计算方法。通过与国外已有地下核试验数据和数值模拟结果对比分析，从能量耦合系数和当量耦合系数两方面，验证了该方法的正确性。结合填塞系数计算，表明美国的钻地核爆地冲击耦合系数曲线具有较好的可靠性，且偏安全。从防护工程抗钻地爆炸地冲击效应角度，选用当量耦合系数和填塞系数计算地冲击较为适宜，并给出了便于工程运用的钻地核爆当量耦合系数和填塞系数的计算公式。

关键词:钻地核爆;地冲击能量;耦合系数;填塞系数

Abstract:

The ground shock of earth-penetrating explosion poses a major threat to underground protection works. It is difficult for the existing experimental methods to establish a calculation method for the coupled ground shock effect of guided earth-penetrating bombs， hypervelocity kinetic energy bombs， and earth-penetrating nuclear bombs. In this paper， the relationship between the volume of the ground-penetrating explosion damage area and the coupled ground shock energy is revealed. According to the relationship between the radius of compression and damage areas of underground explosion and explosion equivalent， the correlation between the existing main coupling factors is clarified. A calculation method for coupling factors is proposed， which only needs two initial parameters， i.e.， the radius of the compression areas of the contact explosion and the closed explosion. The correctness of the method is verified from the aspects of energy coupling factor and equivalent coupling factor through comparative analysis with the existing nuclear test and numerical simulation results of foreign countries. Combined with the calculation of the packing factor， it shows that the coupling factor curve of the ground-penetrating nuclear explosion given by the United States has a good reliability. From the perspective of protection engineering against the ground shock effect of ground-penetrating explosion， it is more appropriate to use the equivalent coupling factor and packing factor. In this paper， the calculation formulas of the equivalent coupling factor and the packing factor of the earth-penetrating nuclear explosion are given.

Key words:earth-penetrating nuclear explosion;ground shock energy;coupling factor;packing factor