考虑环境色彩协调的隧道墙式洞门色彩设计方法

Color Design Method for Tunnel Wall Portal Considering Environmental Color Coordination

摘要:

为了提升隧道洞门与自然环境的协调统一，应用色彩学理论和图像处理技术，对我国公路隧道墙式洞门色彩与洞口环境色彩之间的协调性问题开展研究。通过调查问卷和引入色相协调理论，构建了隧道洞门色彩协调性设计准则，即色相符合谐波协调类型、饱和度和明度均为弱对比类型；基于该准则提出了隧道墙式洞门色彩量化设计方法：利用聚类分析对隧道洞口环境图像进行色彩提取并转化为HSV（色相、饱和度、明度）色彩空间，分析色相谐波类型，计算饱和度和明度，进而确定洞门色彩三属性的取值范围。应用基于色相协调理论的洞门色彩设计方法对既有隧道进行案例分析，其协调性评价结果与主观问卷结果一致，验证了该方法的可行性与有效性，同时为新建隧道洞门设计提供科学依据。

Abstract:

In order to improve the coordination and unification between the tunnel portal and the natural environment， the color theory and image processing technology are applied to study the color coordination of highway tunnel wall portal with the environment in China. In this paper， by conducting a survey questionnaire and introducing the hue coordination theory， the design criteria for the color coordination of tunnel portals are constructed， that is， the hue conforms to the harmonic coordination type， and the saturation and lightness are both weak contrast types. Based on this criteria， a quantitative design method for tunnel wall portal color is proposed. The cluster analysis is used to extract the color attributes of the tunnel entrance environment image and convert them into the HSV（hue， saturation， value） color space. The hue harmonic type is analyzed， the saturation and lightness are calculated， and the value range of the three attributes of the portal color is determined. A case study of an existing tunnel is conducted using the color design method， and the coordination evaluation results are consistent with the subjective questionnaire results， which verifies the feasibility and effectiveness of the method and provides a scientific basis for the design of new tunnel portals.